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Preventive Joint Care for Cats

based on BSAVA Manual of Feline Behavioural Medicine

Mobility Foundations (Preventive Care)

A preventive guide for cat parents

Healthy movement supports your cat’s comfort and quality of life. Mobility in cats depends not only on joints, but also on muscles, balance, coordination, and how they move through their environment each day.

This guide focuses on prevention and foundational care, not treatment.

Who this guide is for

This Mobility Foundations guide may be helpful if your cat:

  • Is an adult or senior cat
  • Lives mostly indoors or has limited daily movement
  • Has no diagnosed joint condition but you want to support mobility early

A Step-By-Step Guide for Cat Owners

Step 0: Support Joint & Muscle Balance With Supplements

Step 0: Support Joint & Muscle Balance With Supplements

Goal

Support the body systems involved in comfortable movement before strain or imbalance develops.

Habit: Provide Support With Supplements as Part of a Routine

Even in healthy indoor cats, daily movement places ongoing demands on joints, muscles, and recovery systems. Jumping, climbing, stretching, and repeated short bursts of activity all contribute to cumulative physical load over time.

Some cat parents choose mobility-focused supplements as part of a preventive routine to help support:

  • joint comfort
  • muscle function and recovery
  • normal inflammatory responses related to movement

How Supplements May Be Used

  • Daily support: given consistently as part of a regular routine to help maintain joint and muscle balance over time
  • Situational support: used around periods of increased physical demand, such as changes in routine, increased play, or environmental changes that encourage more climbing or jumping

BSAVA principle: Foundational physiological support.

Supporting joints and muscles early helps the body adapt more comfortably to daily movement demands over time.

Step 1: Encourage Natural Movement Variety

Step 1: Encourage Natural Movement Variety

Goal

Support joint and muscle health by encouraging a range of natural movements throughout the day.

Cats are designed for short bursts of varied movement such as climbing, stretching, jumping, and changing direction. Indoor lifestyles can limit this variety, leading to repetitive or restricted movement patterns over time.

Helpful habits

  • Provide vertical spaces such as cat trees, shelves, or window perches
  • Encourage gentle jumping between different heights rather than only floor-level movement
  • Rotate toys that promote chasing, pouncing, and reaching
  • Use short, frequent play sessions instead of one long session
  • Allow space for stretching and full-body movement during play

BSAVA principle: Movement diversity and load distribution.

Step 2: Maintain a Healthy Body Condition

Step 3: Maintain a Healthy Body Condition

Goal

Limit unnecessary joint strain by supporting a stable, healthy body condition over time.

Helpful habits

  • Offer measured portions rather than free-feeding where possible
  • Use feeding methods that encourage movement, such as puzzle feeders or placing bowls at different heights
  • Use part of the daily food intake as snacks or rewards, rather than adding extra treats
  • Encourage regular play to support natural energy use
  • Monitor body shape and feel over time

Maintaining a healthy body condition helps reduce cumulative joint load before strain develops.

BSAVA principle: Load reduction through body condition management.

Step 3: Avoid Awkward Jumps and Slippery Surfaces

Step 4: Avoid Awkward Jumps and Slippery Surfaces

Goal

Indoor cats rely entirely on their home environment for movement. Slippery surfaces, awkward jumps, or unstable landing areas can discourage natural movement and increase joint strain over time. Small adjustments help cats move with confidence and use their bodies more comfortably.

Helpful habits

  • Provide stable, non-slip landing surfaces near favourite jumping areas
  • Use steps, platforms, or intermediate surfaces to break up large height differences
  • Ensure cat trees and shelves are sturdy and well positioned
  • Keep frequently used pathways clear and predictable
  • Place resources such as food, water, and litter in locations that encourage gentle movement without forcing long jumps

A supportive environment encourages regular, confident movement and helps protect joints before strain develops.

BSAVA principle: Environmental risk reduction.

Step 4: Observe Subtle Changes Over Time

Step 4: Observe Subtle Changes Over Time

Goal

Notice early, gradual changes in movement so support can be adjusted before strain or discomfort develops.

This step is about awareness, not problem-spotting.

Helpful habits

  • Notice how easily your cat jumps up or down from familiar places
  • Observe posture, stretching, and general ease of movement during daily activity
  • Pay attention to changes in play style, energy, or use of vertical space
  • Compare movement week to week rather than day to day
  • Trust gradual trends more than isolated off days

Early awareness allows preventive habits to be reinforced and adjusted calmly.

BSAVA principle: Early recognition and proactive support.

Step 5: When to Seek Veterinary Guidance

Step 5: When to Seek Veterinary Guidance

Preventive care focuses on supporting healthy movement early, but it is not a substitute for veterinary assessment.

Consider seeking veterinary guidance if you notice:

  • Persistent changes in movement or posture
  • Reduced willingness to jump, climb, or play over time
  • Stiffness, hesitation, or discomfort that does not improve
  • Any signs of pain, lameness, or sudden behavioural change

Early veterinary input helps clarify whether additional support or a different care approach is needed.

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